Как заменить a lot of в академическом письме (IELTS, TOEFL, & etc.)
Выражение a lot of считается разговорным и снижает уровень формальности. В IELTS оно тянет лексику вниз, а в TOEFL звучит неакадемично. Поэтому его нужно заменять более точными и формальными вариантами.
1. Нейтральные академические замены
Подходят для любой темы.
many (для исчисляемых)
Many students face this problem.much (для неисчисляемых в отрицаниях и вопросах)
Not much evidence supports this claim.numerous
Numerous studies indicate the same trend.a great number of
A great number of participants agreed with the statement.a wide range of
A wide range of factors influences this process.
2. Формальные замены (Band 7–8)
a considerable amount of (неисчисляемые)
A considerable amount of research supports this idea.a considerable number of (исчисляемые)
A considerable number of young people prefer online learning.a substantial amount/number of
A substantial amount of funding is required.a significant amount/number of
A significant number of citizens oppose this policy.a large proportion of
A large proportion of consumers shop online.a high percentage of
A high percentage of graduates struggle with debt.
3. Продвинутые академические замены (Band 8–9)
the majority of
The majority of respondents agreed.an overwhelming amount/number of
An overwhelming number of experts support this view.a growing body of evidence
(одна из самых “академичных” фраз)
A growing body of evidence suggests that climate change is accelerating.a considerable body of research
A considerable body of research highlights this problem.
4. Синонимы с акцентом на разнообразие
multiple
Multiple factors contribute to the issue.various / numerous
Various solutions have been proposed.a variety of
A variety of methods can be applied.
5. “Умные” формальные варианты (для высоких баллов)
Для людей:
a large segment of the population
a considerable share of young people
Для явлений:
a significant portion of resources
extensive research
widespread use
Примеры замены a lot of в реальных предложениях
Простое, разговорное:
A lot of people think social media is harmful.
Академично:
Many people believe social media is harmful.
A significant number of individuals consider social media harmful.
A large proportion of the population views social media as harmful.
A growing body of evidence shows that social media has negative effects.
Для TOEFL Academic Discussion:
A lot of research shows this method works.
Академично:
Extensive research demonstrates that this method is effective.
A substantial amount of research supports this method.
A growing body of research confirms its effectiveness.
